GASOLINE
Fuel of everything
Chemistry is ok
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General information about Gasoline
Gasoline, petrol in British English, is a transparent, naturally occurring(organic) thick liquid which can be found beneath the surface of the earth with an intense smell and extremely flammable. The color of this substance can be vary, but likely to be dark brown to black when it first appear. The primary usage is to fuel in the internal combustion engine which is in many of the vehicle and more that we use today.
Physical properties
Boil points, freeze points
Typical gasoline is with a boiling point of 120F - 400F, freeze point of -40C to -50C. And with a flash point of -45F(lowest temperature for successful ignition).
Density
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Less dense than water with a range from 0.87-0.92 for commonly used fuel gasoline so it will float above water. Vapor density is between 3-4 so it remains close to ground level
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Color
Refined Gasoline is a colorless to ember colored liquid, can differ depends on purity, location and type or even additive.
Insoluble in water
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Hydrocarbons are not water soluble, and gasoline is a mixture of non-polar compounds. Water is a polar molecule. The rule of solubility is:"like dissolves like". Therefore Gasoline cannot be dissolved in water.
Flammable
Gasoline is highly flamable, it is capable of releasing heat by oxidation and will auto-ignite with the empreture of 536F - 853F
Chemical properties
PRODUCTION AND COST
Oil has always been one of the most important resource since the industrial age and had never been drop down due to it's important roll on machinery and most of the car engine needs oil as well. As most of the oil came from the underground deposit and can only be extracted buy pumpjack(on left hand side) and if under the sea bed, Sea oil drilling station is needed(left hand side). The three top country with highest production are: Russia: 10,551,497 bbl/d(barrel per day); Saudi Arabia (OPEC): 10,460,710 bbl/d; and United States: 8,875,817 bbl/d. Which makes up more than 36billions of oil that is produced each year. The cost of producting one barrel of oil is not cheap, it cost approximately $52.50 to produce one barrel of oil in country like US, UK and about 49$ per barrel in country like Africa.
SAFTY
Minor health hazard
Exposing to gasoline for a decent amount of time could lead to minor residual injuring, handle and store with caution, avoid direct contact for long period of time.
Flammable
Gasoline can be lit with any type of fire. Gasoline can evaporate quickly when exposed to air and it's vapor can be ignited with even a spark of amber. Store and use with caution, keep away from heat source at storage.
Gasoline is an very common substance that we use almost everyday, but there is still many thing we must keep in mine when we dealing with gasoline.
NFPA hazards
Contamination
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Oil spill is dangerous to the environment, it will contaminate the soil as well as the underground water shed system and affect ecosystem.. Handle and storage with caution, seal and avoid spilling of any type of oil.
Economic Importance
To many countries, oil is their life, oil is
their main out port resources, oil is their
main way to make money. For example,
Saudi Arabia, oil industry takes up 42.9%
of their country's total income. To counties like Saudi Arabia, the oil is their most important way of income and they are dependent on it. To the entire world, employment wise, over millions of job was created by oil and gas industry. Country like south africa's industrial, 50% of the machine needs oil to opperate and in most of the places, 55% of their oil was imported from other country to fulfill their personal needs. As we know, the oil is a non-renewable natural resource and will there will be no oil on earth after approximately 53 years. There is only over trillions barrels of oil still left on earth(2014). As a matter of facts, there will still be over 93 trillions of dollars left on earth that can be made with oil mining and manufacturing, which is 120 billions of dollar per year and still with increasing trend as more need has yet to come.
Environmental Impacts
Oil is a very important resource and therefore there is a lot of extraction in almost every part of the world. Oil extracting and purifying also burning gasoline will release harmful gas such as
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Carbon dioxide (CO2)
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Carbon monoxide (CO)
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Sulfur dioxide (SO2)
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Nitrogen oxides (NOX) and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC)
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Other harmful gas such as benzene, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde
As a well known fact that burning fossil fuel have one of the most drastic affect towards the ozone layer. Also there are many cases which places have oil leak into the ocean causing millions miles of water became contaminated as result of the death of ocean life.
Impact on Human Health
Oil spill and contamination is always a major issue for all the countries. There are many variety of substance that is harmful towards human, such as toluene, benzene, iron, chromium,mercury, sulfur, nickel, nitrogen, oxygen, and xylene. Everyone especially children and pregnant woman are venerable towards those chemicals. People live in heavy oil industrial area such as Alberta and many districts in US are experiencing long term exposure to those and those will lead to mental defecet, deformity, or even cancer.
A lot of those chemicals are neurotoxins, which means they affect the brain." said Tracey Woodruff, an associate professor and director of the Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment at the University of California at San Francisco.
[To be or not to be:] 3301
Impact on Society
From transportation such as car, airplane, ship, some train, bus, to industrial mortar, refining, extraction area all use burning gasoline as their main way of producing energy therefore they can operate. Gasoline plays an extremely important roll in our daily life and it keeps the world from going, without it, the world will be a cold and dark place without those generators, and people will be walking since most of our personal car requires oil to drive, there will be no shortcut from country to country, airplanes and boats need gasoline. Any how, the world will be much slower without gasoline and our life will not be as smooth as before.